Gidauniyar Mo Ibrahim ta fitar da 2024 Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG), na baya-bayan nan na kididdigar kididdigar da aka yi a kowace shekara na tantance ayyukan gwamnati da abubuwan da ke faruwa. Kididdigar ta nuna cewa kasashe 33 54 na Afirka ba sa samun ci gaba a harkokin shugabanci nagari.
Rahoton ya shafi shekaru 10 – 2014-2023 – kuma an tattara shi daga majiyoyi masu zaman kansu 49, tare da wasu bayanai daga gidauniyar Mo Ibrahim.
IIAG ya dogara ne akan masu canji guda 322 da aka taru a cikin alamomi 96, an tsara su a ƙarƙashin rukunoni 16 da manyan sassa huɗu: Tsaro & Doka; Shiga, Hakkoki & Haɗuwa; Tushen don Damamar Tattalin Arziki; da Ci gaban Dan Adam.
Shekarar 2024 IIAG ta nuna cewa bayan shekaru hudu na kusan cikar tabarbarewar tattalin arziki, tsarin mulkin Afrika gaba daya ya tsaya tsayin daka a shekarar 2022 sakamakon tashe-tashen hankula da rashin tsaro, gami da raguwar sararin dimokuradiyya a fadin nahiyar, wanda ke yin illa ga ci gaban da aka samu a ci gaban bil’adama da tattalin arziki.
A cikin shekaru goma na 2014-2023, an sami ci gaba fiye da rabin (52.1%) na al’ummar Afirka, suna zaune a cikin kasashe 33 daga cikin 54, amma sauran rabin, matakin mulkin da aka cimma a 2023 ya fi na 2014 muni.
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Koyaya, wannan game da hoto a matsakaicin matakin nahiya yana rufe fuska mai ƙarfi da ayyuka daban-daban a cikin ƙasashen Afirka 54 da tsakanin ƙungiyoyin IIAG na 16.
A matakin kasa, kasashe 13 – ciki har da Masar, Madagascar, Malawi, Morocco, Cote d’Ivoire, Togo da Somaliya – sun bi tsarin gudanar da mulki cikin nasara cikin shekaru goma, har ma da kara habaka tun daga shekarar 2019.
Ƙarshen huɗun kuma sun kasance a cikin ƙasashe 10 na farko da aka inganta tsakanin 2014 zuwa 2023, tare da Seychelles, Gambia, Saliyo, Angola, Mauritania da Djibouti.
Bayan samun ci gaba mai ban mamaki a cikin shekaru goma (+10.0 maki), Seychelles ta mamaye Mauritius, babbar ƙasa a cikin 2023.
Bayan akasin haka, kasashe 11 na cikin wani yanayi na tabarbarewar shekaru goma wanda ya kara tabarbarewa tun daga shekarar 2019. Wasu daga cikinsu, kamar Sudan, na fama da tashe-tashen hankula. Koyaya, ana kuma ganin tabarbarewar shekaru goma a cikin manyan ƙasashe.
Mauritius, Botswana, Namibia da Tunisiya, duk da cewa har yanzu suna matsayi a cikin 2023 a cikin kasashe goma da suka fi yawan maki, kuma suna cikin kasashen da suka fi fama da tabarbarewar 2014-2023, tare da Comoros, Mali, Burkina Faso, DR Congo, Niger da Eswatini.
Kasashe goma da suka fi samun maki suna bin kwasa-kwasan da suka bambanta. Maroko ita ce kasa daya tilo da ke gudanar da ayyukan inganta ci gaba a cikin shekaru goma, yayin da Mauritius, Botswana, da Tunisia ke fuskantar matsalar tabarbarewar al’amura.
2024 IIAG kuma yana ba da haske ga bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a matakin rukuni. Ci gaba ya kasance mai mahimmanci a yawancin sassan tattalin arziki da ci gaban ɗan adam.
Kamfanonin gine-gine shine mafi ingantattun sassa a cikin shekaru goma, wanda aka samu ta hanyar ci gaba mai ban sha’awa ta hanyar samun damar sadarwar wayar hannu, intanit da kwamfutoci, da makamashi – tare da ci gaba mai ban mamaki a Daidaiton Mata.
A cikin wadannan yankuna biyu, kusan kashi 95% na ‘yan Afirka suna rayuwa ne a kasar da matakin da aka samu a shekarar 2023 ya fi na 2014 kyau.
A halin da ake ciki, duk da haka, duk sassan da ke da alaƙa da tsaro da dimokuradiyya sun tabarbare a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, tare da raguwar kasancewa mafi muni a cikin sassan Tsaro & Tsaro da Shiga.
Fiye da kashi 77% na al’ummar Afirka suna rayuwa ne a kasar da matakin da aka kai a shekarar 2023 a wadannan yankuna biyu ya fi na 2014 muni.
Duk da ci gaban da aka samu a wurare masu mahimmanci, ra’ayoyin jama’a na nuna rashin jin daɗi a tsakanin ‘yan Afirka. Sai dai ra’ayin Jama’a game da Jagorancin Mata, duk alamomin fahimtar jama’a suna nuna wani mataki na tabarbarewa, koda lokacin da ma’auni na mulki ya nuna ci gaba.
Wannan sanannen sananne ne a Haushin Jama’a game da Damar Tattalin Arziki (-12.4) – mafi girman ma’ana daga cikin alamomin 96 IIAG.
Da yake yin tsokaci kan binciken da aka yi na IIAG na 2024, Mo Ibrahim, wanda shi ne wanda ya kafa gidauniyar Mo Ibrahim kuma shugaban gidauniyar, ya ce: “Kungiyar ta 2024 IIAG abin tunatarwa ne game da barazanar da ke kara zurfafa rikicin tsaro da raguwar yanayin hadin gwiwa na haifar da ci gaban nahiyar.
Tabbas, yana kuma nuna rikicin duniya. Rikicin rikice-rikice da zurfafa rashin yarda a cikin cibiyoyi da dabi’u na dimokuradiyya ba su keɓance ga Afirka ba; muna gani a duniya.
Amma a fili abin ya shafi Afirka domin yana barazana ga ci gabanmu a fannin tattalin arziki da ci gaban zamantakewa da kuma ci gaban da har yanzu ba mu samu ba.
“Amma kada mu takaita yanayin mulkin Afirka a karkashin matsakaici guda cikin sauri.
Nahiyar mu babbar nahiya ce ta kasashe 54 da ke da abubuwa daban-daban, wasu suna da kyakkyawar manufa wasu kuma suna da alamun gargadi. Hakika, an samu tabarbarewar al’amura a Sudan, kasashen Sahel, DRC, Tunisiya, da Mauritius.
Duk da haka, gagarumin ci gaban da kasashe irin su Maroko, Cote d’Ivoire, Seychelles, Angola da Benin suka yi, da wasu muhimman fannoni, kamar kayayyakin more rayuwa da daidaiton mata, ya kamata su ba da fatan cimma abin da ake bukata.”
